Cessna T210 Turbo

The first-ever Cessna 210, flown about 50 years ago, was a 182 with retractable landing gear – a straight vertical tail and all. The first production 210 had a swept tail and a substantially different cowling from a 182’s, but the cabin section was still the same as a 182’s and, for that matter, as a 172’s. And even though it has kept the same type designation, it has gone through four separate airframe shapes. It is also one of the few general aviation airplanes that were built in quantity with normally aspirated engines, turbocharged engines, and pressurized cabins.

The 210 has been a trailblazer in a lot of areas. It was the first single with factory-installed deicing and later the first single approved for flight in icing conditions. It was also the first single offered with factory-installed weather radar, with the receiver/transmitter and antenna mounted in a pod slung beneath the right wing.

One thing the 210 is not renowned for is its handling qualities. Some maintain that flying the airplane is like driving a truck, and even the most devoted 210 fan will agree that it is a touch heavy on the controls. The reason for this is an incredibly wide allowable center of gravity range. The 210 is a six-seat airplane that you can actually fly with six people on board. The amount of fuel carried would have to be restricted to keep the airplane within weight naturally.

There is a difference in the way the 210 flies with an aft CG. Forward, the elevator forces are quite high. Aft, the elevator forces become quite light. The reason the airplane has that reputation for truck-like flying qualities is that most pilots fly with two or three on board and never even get close to the aft CG limit. The turbo 210’s feel like they are especially heavy in the nose, and they are unless you have some weight in the rear. This can be a disadvantage on a grass field.

Its strongest point though, is instrument flying. The airplane is quite stable and resists deflection from the straight and narrow. Once it is established, whether during climb, cruise, or approach, it wants to stay put.

The turbocharged 210 is a hot rod at altitude, turning in substantially better climb and cruise performance than the pressurized airplane. The reasons for this are simple: It takes horsepower to pump up that cabin, and some weight is added to the structure for pressurization.

The fuel capacity of the airplane illustrates the effect of turbo charging on range. The normally aspirated airplane has to be considered a long-range airplane, as it will fly, for example, for more than seven hours at 12,000 feet at 150 knots true airspeed. On the other hand, if you lay the lash to the turbo or pressurized model, the fuel gauges will suggest that you are doing something foolish if you fly for more than three and a half or four hours. It’s all a matter of maintaining horsepower in the climb and at cruising altitude. Few people would ever find a reason to add auxiliary fuel tanks to a regular 210, but a brisk business is done adding auxiliary fuel to the turbocharged airplanes. It is also an airplane on which you need to check the fuel level visually before a maximum-range trip. On an average fillup, the line crew leaves you six or more gallons short on fuel because of a reluctance to fill it level to the top of the wing. It’s a big long tank, and an inch down is a lot of gas.

The marketing people at Cessna hung the Centurion name on the 210 one year, and it more or less stuck. That is too many syllables for an airplane name, but some people like it. Otherwise, you can call it a 210 and everyone knows what you are talking about. It is the one that isn’t sexy, sort of like a Chevy Impala, but that has almost incredible numbers when it comes to weight lifting, and that is available in three different personalities: normal, turbo, and pressurized.

See the original article:
Two Ten
Richard Collins, AOPA Pilot, June 1988

The T210 is an all metal, six place, high wing, single engine airplane equipped with retractable tricycle landing gear and designed for general utility purposes.
This airplane is certificated in the normal category. Spins and aerobatic maneuvers are not permitted in normal category airplanes. The airplane is approved for day and night VFR/IFR operations when equipped in accordance with F.A.R. 91 or F.A.R 135.

The airplane is powered by a horizontally opposed, six cylinder, direct drive, turbocharged, air cooled, fuel injected engine. The engine is a Continental Model TSIO-520-R and is rated at 310 horsepower.

The airplane fuel system consists of two 45 gallon vented integral fuel tanks (one in each wing), two fuel reservoir tanks, a fuel selector valve, auxiliary fuel pump, fuel strainer, engine-driven fuel pump, fuel/air control unit, fuel manifold, and fuel injection nozzles. Vapor and excess fuel from the engine-driven fuel pump and fuel/air control unit are returned by way of the selector valve to the reservoir tank of the wing fuel tank system being used. Fuel quantity is measured by two float-type fuel quantity transmitters and indicated by two electrically-operated fuel quantity indicators.

The airplane has a 28-volt direct current electrical system powered by a belt-driven 60-amp alternator and a battery.

	1966 Cessna T210F Turbo Centurion	1970 Cessna T210K Turbo Centurion	1979 Cessna T210N Turbo Centurion
Engine:
Model	Cont. TSIO-520-C	Cont. TSIO-520-H	Cont. TSIO-520-R
No. Cylinders	6	6	6
Displacement	520 cu. in.	520 cu. in.	520 cu. in.
HP	285	285	285/310
Carbureted Or Fuel Injected	Fuel Injected	Fuel Injected	Fuel Injected
Fixed Pitch/ Constant Speed Propeller	Constant Speed	Constant Speed	Constant Speed
Fuel:
Fuel Capacity	65 gallons Long Range Tanks:          84 gallons	90 gallons Long Range Tanks: N/A	90 gallons Long Range Tanks: N/A
Min. Octane Fuel	100	100	100
Avg. Fuel Burn at 75% power in standard conditions per hour	Unknown	Unknown	16.5 gallons
Weights and Capacities:
Takeoff/Landing Weight Normal Category	3,300 lbs.	3,800 lbs.	4,000/3,800 lbs.
Takeoff/Landing Weight Utility Category	N/A	N/A	N/A
Standard Empty Weight	1,965 lbs.	2,180 lbs.	2,221 lbs.
Max. Useful Load Normal Category	1,335 lbs.	1,620 lbs.	1,779 lbs.
Max. Useful Load Utility Category	N/A	N/A	N/A
Baggage Capacity	120 lbs.	120 lbs.	240 lbs.
Oil Capacity	12 quarts	10 quarts	10 quarts
Performance
Do Not Exceed Speed	196 KCAS	196 KCAS	203 KIAS
Max. Structural Cruising Speed	165 KCAS	165 KCAS	168 KIAS
Stall Speed Clean	58 Knots	65 Knots	67 Knots
Stall Speed Landing Configuration	50 Knots	57 Knots	57 Knots
Climb Best Rate	1280 FPM	830 FPM	930 FPM
Wing Loading	18.8 lbs./sq. ft.	21.6 lbs./sq. ft.	22.9 lbs./sq. ft.
Power Loading	11.6 lbs./hp	13.3 lbs./hp	12.9 lbs./hp
Service Ceiling	31,300 ft.	28,500 ft.	27,000 ft.