1. The danger of spatial disorientation during flight in poor visual conditions may be reduced by
A. having faith in the instruments rather than taking a chance on the sensory organs.
B. shifting the eyes quickly between the exterior visual field and the instrument panel.
C. leaning the body in the opposite direction of the motion of the aircraft.
2. What is the one common factor that affects most preventable accidents?
A. Structural failure
B. Mechanical malfunction
C. Human error
3. What is it called when a pilot pushes his or her capabilities and the aircraft’s limits by trying to maintain visual contact with the terrain in low ceiling and visibility?
A. Scud running
B. Mind set
C. Peer pressure
4. What effect does haze have on the ability to see traffic or terrain features during flight?
A. The eyes tend to overwork in haze and do not detect relative movement easily.
B. All traffic or terrain features appear to be farther away than their actual distance.
C. Haze causes the eyes to focus at infinity.
5. When should pilots decline a land and hold short (LAHSO) clearance?
A. When it will compromise safety.
B. Only when the tower operator concurs.
C. Pilots cannot decline a clearance.
6. Before a person holding a private pilot certificate may act as pilot in command of a high-performance airplane, that person must have
A. received ground and flight instruction from an authorized flight instructor who then endorses that person’s logbook.
B. an endorsement in that person’s logbook that he or she is competent to act as pilot in command.
C. passed a flight test in that airplane from an FAA inspector.
7. A special VFR clearance authorizes the pilot of an aircraft to operate VFR while within Class D airspace when the visibility is
A. at least one mile and the aircraft can remain clear of clouds.
B. less than one mile and the ceiling is less than 1,000 feet.
C. at least three miles and the aircraft can remain clear of clouds.
8. To act as pilot in command of an aircraft carrying passengers, the pilot must have made at least three takeoffs and three landings in an aircraft of the same category, class, and if a type rating is required, of the same type, within the preceding
A. 12 calendar months.
B. 24 calendar months.
C. 90 days.
1. The correct answer is A. Spatial disorientation can be prevented only by visual reference to reliable, fixed points on the ground or to the flight instruments. (Aeronautical Information Manual,, Chapter 8-1-5)
2. The correct answer is C. An accident is usually precipitated by a chain of events leading up to the accident, rather than by one particular incident. Break a link in the chain and the accident may be avoided. Structural failure is rare, and often a result of a weather interaction. Mechanical failure does happen, but not nearly as often as human error.
(Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, Chapter 17)
3. The correct answer is A. Trying to remain in visual conditions while continuing into deteriorating weather is referred to as scud running. A proper course of action is to make a 180-degree turn and return to an area of better weather and an alternate airport or landing site to wait for improvement. (Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, Chapter 17)
4. The correct answer is B. Haze creates the visual illusion that traffic and terrain appear farther away than they really are, causing a potential collision hazard for an aircraft in flight. (Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, Chapter 16)
5. The correct answer is A. When the PIC has determined that it would not be safe to land on the runway distance available in a LAHSO clearance, he should decline the clearance and request full length for landing. (AIM, Chapter 4-3-11)
6. The correct answer is A. To act as PIC of a high-performance airplane, both ground and flight training must have been received in a high-performance airplane. The instructor must then enter a one-time endorsement into the pilot’s logbook, certifying he is proficient to operate a high performance airplane. (Federal Aviation Regulations Part 61.31(f))
7. The correct answer is A. Special VFR operations may only be conducted with an ATC clearance, clear of clouds, with a flight visibility of at least 1 statute mile (except helicopters), and between sunrise and sunset (again, except for helicopters). (FAR Part 91.157(b))
8. The correct answer is C. PIC recent flight experience is detailed in FAR Part 61.57, and requires that the pilot act as the sole manipulator of the flight controls for those takeoffs and landings.
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